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Muscle Attachments Shoulder and Arm

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Bones and Bony Landmarks

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Muscles

Biceps Brachii

Origin

Short Head: Coracoid Process Of Scapula

Long Head: Supraglenoid Tubercle Of Scapula

Insertion

Tuberosity Of The Radius And Aponeurosis Of The Biceps Brachii

Actions

Flex The Elbow, Supinate The Forearm, Flex The Shoulder Joint

Coracobrachialis

Origin Coracoid Process Of Scapula
Insertion Medial Surface Of Middle Shaft Of Humerus
Actions Flex, Adduct The Should Joint

Deltoid

Origin Lateral One Third Of Clavicle, Acromion And Spine Of Scapula
Insertion Deltoid Tuberosity
Actions All Fibers: Abduct The Shoulder Joint

Posterior: Extend And Laterally Rotate The Shoulder Joint

Anterior: Flex And Medially Rotate The Shoulder Joint

Latissimus Dorsi

Origin Spinous Processes Of Last Six Thoracic Vertebrae, Last three or four ribs, Thoracolumbar Aponeurosis, and Posterior Iliac Crest
Insertion Crest Of The Lesser Tubercle Of The Humerus
Actions Extend, Adduct, Medially Rotate The Shoulder Joint

Levator Scapula

Origin Transverse Processes Of 1st Thru 4th Cervical Vertebrae
Insertion Medial Border And Superior Angle Of Scapula
Actions Unilateral: Elevate, Downwardly Rotate The Scapula, Laterally Flex Head And Neck

Bilateral: Extend Head And Neck

Pectoralis Major

Origin Medial Half Of Clavicle, Sternum, Cartilage Of Ribs One Thru Six
Insertion Crest Of Greater Tubercle Of Humerus
Actions As A Whole: Adduct, Medially Rotate The Shoulder Joint, May Assist In Elevating The thorax in forced inspiration

Upper Fibers: Flex, Medially Rotate, Horizontally Adduct The Shoulder Joint

Lower Fibers: Extend, Adduct The Shoulder Joint

Pectoralis Minor

Origin Third, Fourth And Fifth Ribs
Insertion Coracoid Process Of Scapula
Actions Depress, Abduct, Tilt The Scapula Anteriorly, Assist In Forced Inspiration

Rhomboid Major

Origin Spinous Processes Of T-2 To T-5
Insertion Medial Border Of The Scapula Between Spine And Inferior Angle
Actions Adduct, Elevate, Downwardly Rotate The Scapula

Rhomboid Minor

Origin Spinous Processes Of C-7 And T-1
Insertion Medial Border Of The Scapula Between Spine And Inferior Angle
Actions Adduct, Elevate, Downwardly Rotate The Scapula

Supraspinatus

Origin Supraspinous Fossa Of Scapula
Insertion Greater Tubercle Of Humerus
Actions Adduct Humerus, Stabilize Head Of Humerus In Glenoid Cavity

Infraspinatus

Origin Infraspinous Fossa Of Scapula
Insertion Greater Tubercle Of Humerus
Actions Laterally Rotate, Adduct, Extend The Shoulder Joint, Stabilize Head of Humerus in Glenoid Cavity

Subscapularis

Origin Subscapular Fossa Of The Scapula
Insertion Lesser Tubercle Of The Humerus
Actions Medially Rotate The Shoulder Joint, Stabilize Head of Humerus in Glenoid Cavity

Teres Minor

Origin Superior Half Of Lateral Border Of Scapula
Insertion Greater Tubercle Of Humerus
Actions Laterally Rotate, Adduct, Extend Shoulder Joint, Stabilize Head of Humerus in Glenoid Cavity

Serratus Anterior

Origin Surfaces Of Upper 8 Or 9 Ribs
Insertion Anterior Surface Of Medial Border Of Scapula
Actions With Origin Fixed: Abduct The Scapula, Hold Medial Border Of Scapula Against Rib Cage

Scapula Stabilized: May Act In Forced Inspiration

Subclavius

Origin First Rib And Cartilage
Insertion Inferior, Lateral Aspect Of The Clavicle
Actions Draws Clavicle Down And Forward, Elevates 1st Rib, Stabilizes The Sternoclavicular Joint

Teres Major

Origin Dorsal Surfaces Of Inferior Angle And Lower Half Of Lateral Border of Scapula
Insertion Crest Of The Lesser Tubercle Of The Humerus
Actions Extend, Adduct, Medially Rotate The Humerus

Trapezius

Origin External Occipital Protuberance, Medial Portion Of Superior Nuchal Line of Occiput, Ligamentum Nuchae and Spinous Processes of C-7 Through T-12
Insertion Lateral Portion Of Clavicle, Acromion And Spine Of Scapula
Actions Upper:
  • Bilateral: Extend The Head And Neck
  • Unilateral: Extend, Laterally Flex, Rotate Head And Neck To Opposite Side, Elevate, Upwardly Rotate the Scapula

Middle: Adduct, Stabilize The Scapula

Lower:  Depress, Upwardly Rotate The Scapula

Triceps Brachii

Origin Long Head: Infraglenoid Tubercle Of Scapula

Lateral Head: Posterior Surface Of Proximal Half Of Humerus

Medial Head: Posterior Surface Of Distal Half Of Humerus

Insertion Olecranon Process Of Ulna
Actions All Heads: Extend The Elbow

Long Head: Extend, Adduct The Shoulder Joint

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